Each year, some 722,000 hospitalized patients will acquire a serious infection. The number one HAI? 2000;321:717-8. Surgical site infections: epidemiology and prevention. PUBMED:12594640. Among patients with diabetes, several studies suggest that failure to control blood glucose before and after surgery correlates with the development of SSIs. American Society of Anesthesiologists. Surgical site infections (SSIs) are serious operative complications that occur in approximately 2% of surgical procedures and account for some 20% of health care-associated infections. Estimated burden of SSIs in acute care facilities in the United States: Morbidity. Ann Surg. Estimating health care-associated infections and deaths in U.S. hospitals, 2002. Intraoperative hypothermia can contribute to SSI by producing vasoconstriction that reduces blood flow to the incision site and limits delivery of oxygen to the tissue surrounding the wound. What are the consequences of not working to prevent surgical site infections. Chapman L. Xenotransplantation: benefits and risks. The rates for SSI after TKA range from 0.5 percent in France 58 to 0.99–2.3 in the Netherlands. Another theory is that forced air may mobilize microorganisms on the patient’s skin. There were also significantly fewer superficial incisional and deep incisional infections in the CHG/IPA arm. Postoperative surgical site infections (SSIs) are still a major source of morbidity in the United States. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. In particular, there is concern about the rise in SSIs due to vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), third generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli, and imipenem- and quinolone-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Am J Infect Control 2004;32:63-68. Patients tend to prefer wound closures that will minimize scarring, but not all surgical wounds should be closed. Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. here. Surgical site infections (SSIs) are among the most common healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Study US: The United States. - Case Studies Centers for Disease Control. A commonly used system includes a “blanket” attached to a forced air unit. Infections are classified as either incisional or organ/space infections to differentiate those that occur at the incision site from those related to the organ or space manipulated during surgery. The antiseptic used as a scrub agent should contain broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties. Initiatives to reduce SSI focus on aspects of risk ranging from improving control of the physical care of the patient to information-gathering efforts such as broader reporting of infection rates. But surgical site infections are not just a problem for poor countries. PUBMED:3680996. PUBMED:11485662. PUBMED:2889770. Here is a map and searchable list for hospitals who scored worse than the national average on different infection metrics. Connor R, ed. The occurrence of individual types of SSI was a secondary endpoint. These practices include 4 components of care: 1. … Optimal AMP therapy requires: Use of the correct agent for the type of operation, based on clinical evidence, Cephalosporin for coverage of most clean procedures due to its safety, broad-spectrum efficacy and low cost, 30 to 60 minutes prior to incision (i.e., enough time to reach bactericidal serum and tissue concentrations); 1-2 hours for antibiotics with longer periods of infusion, such as vancomycin, Re-administration if surgery is delayed beyond 1 hour after the first AMP dose, Maintained at therapeutic levels in both serum and tissues throughout surgery, Lasting no longer than 24 hours after the end of surgery to reduce risk of developing resistance. Occurrence of SSI is estimated to increase hospital stay by 7 to 10 days and add over $3,000 in costs of care. Surgical site infection makes up 20% of all healthcare-associated infections. Lee SY, Kuti JL, Nicolau DP. The estimated annual incidence of SSIs in the United States … 2005;28:314-20. Surg Infect 2005;6:283-295. Surgical site infections. What is the microbiology of surgical site infections? J Hosp Infect 1987;10:165-172. PUBMED:19646785. According to NNIS data, SSIs are the third most frequently reported nosocomial infection and are associated with substantial morbidity that can endanger a patient’s life, increase the number of days in the hospital, and increase healthcare costs. Units and higher mortality, costly, and postoperative procedures that have been estimated... 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